Stocks drop on Apple's earnings miss, economic fears
The Dow ends down 72 as an early rally stalls after a Fed report shows a struggling economy. Europe's debt solution may not come quickly. Tech shares mostly slide after Apple's iPhone sales are less than expected. Housing starts jump.
By Charley Blaine on Wed, Oct 19, 2011 1:34 PM
Updated: 6 p.m. ET
Stocks fell back today as Apple (AAPL 0.00%) shares dropped after an earnings miss and worries expanded on Europe's debt-and-banking crisis.
At the same time, the Federal Reserve's Beige Book report showed the economy is growing -- but only slightly at best.
Apple was off 5.6% to $398.62 after earnings for its fiscal fourth quarter missed Street estimates late Tuesday. Much of the shortfall appeared to be related to slower iPhone sales. Company officials said during Tuesday's conference call the fall-off was probably due to buyers waiting for a new iPhone model to hit the market.
Apple's woes were the biggest cause for a 48-point decline in the Nasdaq-100 Index ($NDX 0.00%) to 2,317 and more than offset share-price gains for Intel (INTC 0.00%) and Yahoo (YHOO 0.00%). Both reported better-than-expected third-quarter results on Tuesday.
The Dow Jones industrials ($INDU -0.63%) closed down 72 points, or 0.6%, to 11,505; the blue chips had been up 57 points at 1 p.m. ET. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index ($INX 0.00%) was down 16 points, or 1.3%, to 1,210. The Nasdaq Composite Index ($COMPX 0.00%) was off 53 points, or 2%, to 2,604.
Article continues below.The European concerns picked up after The Wall Street Journal reported that lawyers watching the talk about expanding a bailout fund to contain the problem say there are big legal impediments in the way of the idea. The biggest issue: The plan would violate the eurozone's no-bailout pledge.
The Journal's report came after stocks in Germany, France and Britain were largely higher.
There was a second report that the German Bundestag wants to approve any bailout plan.
Leaders of the eurozone nations will meet Sunday in Brussels, Belgium, to discuss the crisis. Traders and investors are hoping that a concrete agreement on a plan to resolve the crisis will be the result.
The Beige Book, the Fed's narrative look at the economy, not only cited slight or modest growth, but it also said many business contacts offered weak or uncertain business outlooks.
There was some strength in consumer spending; auto sales were a bright spot in the report. But real estate was weak, and the report cited little gains in hiring or wages.
A day ahead on Thursday
Thursday brings a very large list of key earnings reports from companies that include AT&T (T 0.00%), Capital One Financial (COF 0.00%), Eli Lilly (LLY 0.00%), Union Pacific (UNP 0.00%), Southwest Airlines (LUV 0.00%) and Microsoft (MSFT 0.00%), the publisher of MSN Money.
In addition, the Labor Department will report on weekly jobless claims. The National Association of Realtors will release its report on existing-home sales in September, and the Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank will release its October manufacturing report.
Futures trading suggests a modestly higher open.
Earnings from American Express, Wynn and eBay don't impress
After the close, shares of American Express (AXP 0.00%) were down slightly to $45.80 after earnings of $1.03 a share, up from 90 cents a year ago, beat the consensus estimate of 96 cents. Revenue rose 9% to $7.57 billion. Loan-loss provisions fell from $373 million a year ago to $249 million.
Wynn Resorts (WYNN 0.00%) shares were down 5% to $123.80 as earnings of $1.05 after one-time charges missed the Street estimates of $1.18 a share. The profit was actually up 169% from a year ago. Revenue was up 33.3% to $1.02 billion, driven primarily by a 47% revenue gain from its operations in Macau. Las Vegas revenue was up 3.7% to $346.9 million.
Shares had fallen 5.4% to $130.27 in regular trading.
Meanwhile, eBay (EBAY 0.00%) shares were down 3.8% to $31.92 after falling 2% to $33.18 in regular trading. Third-quarter earnings and revenue beat Street estimates, but its guidance -- 58 cents a share in earnings and revenue of $3.2 billion to $3.35 billion -- was less than expected.
Commodities fall back
Crude oil (-CL) in New York was off $2.10 to $86.24 a barrel. Brent crude was down $2.53 to $108.62 a barrel. While Brent is currently how gasoline is priced, it was lower because of worries about how economies in Europe will fare in the coming months.
Energy shares were mixed. Exxon Mobil (XOM 0.00%) was off 0.6% to $78.43, while Chevron (CVX 0.00%) was up 0.7% to $102.24. Halliburton (HAL 0.00%) was off 4% to $33.88, while Schlumberger (SLB 0.00%) dropped 2.9% to $67.90.
Gold (-GC) settled down $5.80 to $1,647 an ounce in New York. Silver (-SI) was down 55.4 cents to $31.277 an ounce. Copper (-HG) was down 10.2 cents to $3.258 a pound.
Metals stocks were mostly lower. Gold producer Newmont Mining (NEM 0.00%) was down 4.9% to $62.32. Silver producer Coeur d'Alene Mines (CDE 0.00%) fell 5% to $21.71.
Freeport-McMoran Copper & Gold (FCX 0.00%) saw a small gain erased after third-quarter results were lower than expected. The shares finished down 2.8% to $34.38. Freeport earned $1.1 billion, or $1.10 a share, down from $1.2 billion, or $1.24 a share, a year ago. Revenue was little changed at $5.2 billion. The company warned that a strike at its giant Grasberg mine in Indonesia would cut output of copper and gold for the year.
Apple weighs on the market
Apple's earnings shortfall was a shock to the market, which has basically bought into the idea the company is infallible.
Much of the shortfall appeared to be related to slower-than-expected sales of iPhones. Apple sold 17.1 million iPhones, up 55% from a year ago; analysts had expected sales to hit 20 million units.
Company officials said during Tuesday's conference call -- the first since Steve Jobs' death -- that the fall-off was probably due to buyers waiting for a new iPhone model to hit the markets.
Apple earned $6.62 billion, or $7.05 a share. That's up from profit of $4.31 billion, or $4.64 a share, a year earlier. Analysts were expecting $7.28 a share.
There were also concerns that sales of iPad devices weren't as strong as expected. But CEO Tim Cook said that appeared to be a matter of supply and demand evening out. Apple sold 11.1 million iPads, up from 4.2 million a year ago.
For the record, Apple shares are up 25.6% this year. The S&P 500 is down 2.5%.
Travelers, Morgan Stanley see gains melt away
Travelers Companies (TRV 0.00%), the big insurance company, was the top performer of the 30 Dow stocks, up 5.7% to $54.39. While earnings fell short of Wall Street’s profit expectations because of Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee, the severe weather is providing a reason to allow for higher rates.
Meanwhile, investment bank Morgan Stanley (MS 0.00%) shares, up as much as 6.6% right after the open, closed up a penny to $16.64. The company reported third-quarter earnings of $3.6 billion, or $1.14 a share, helped by an accounting gain of $3.3 billion. Revenue rose 46% to $9.89 billion. The results topped Wall Street's expectations for earnings of 30 cents a share on revenue of $7.42 billion.
Like Morgan Stanley, Citigroup (C 0.00%) shares shot higher at the open and were up as much as 4.9%, but the shares pulled back, finishing down 1.6% to $29.39.
The company agreed to pay $285 million to settle civil fraud charges that it misled buyers of complex mortgage investments just as the housing market was starting to collapse. The Securities and Exchange Commission said today that Citigroup had bet against the deal in 2007 and made $160 million in fees and profits. Investors lost millions. Citigroup neither admitted nor denied the SEC's allegations.
Shares of Dow component United Technologies (UTX 0.00%) were down 1.2% to $73.26. The maker of helicopters, jet engines, building elevators and other products reported third-quarter earnings of $1.47 a share, topping expectations by 2 cents. Revenue rose 8.7% to $14.8 billion. The Street had been looking for revenue of $14.55 billion. The company also boosted its full-year earnings outlook to $5.47 a share from a prior range of $5.35 to $5.45 a share.
Shares were lower in part because CFO Greg Hayes suggested 2012 will be a tougher year than 2011.
Energy costs push consumer prices higher
Inflation pressure remained muted in September, the Bureau of Labor Statistics said. The Consumer Price Index rose 0.3% in September, meeting expectations, after growth of 0.4% in August.
The core rate, which excludes food and energy and is considered the most accurate gauge of inflation, inched 0.1% higher after rising 0.2% in August. Wall Street had expected core CPI to tick 0.2% higher.
Multifamily housing starts gain
Housing starts jumped 15% in September, the Commerce Department said. Starts hit an annual rate of 658,000, up from from 572,000.
Building permits slipped by 0.5% to 594,000 from 625,000 in August. Economists had only expected housing starts to rise to 595,000, from August’s previously reported level of 571,000. Building permits were expected to decline to 610,000, from 620,000 previously.
Two quick notes: First, most of the gains for starts came in multifamily housing, which rose 53% to an annualized 227,000 units. That's a reflection of the reluctance of many buyers to commit to a new home purchase when prices are falling. In fact, single-family starts in September were down 4.9% from a year ago.
Second: While the gain was welcome, starts are still 71% below their January 2006 peak of 2,273.
Stocks fell back today as Apple (AAPL 0.00%) shares dropped after an earnings miss and worries expanded on Europe's debt-and-banking crisis.
At the same time, the Federal Reserve's Beige Book report showed the economy is growing -- but only slightly at best.
Apple was off 5.6% to $398.62 after earnings for its fiscal fourth quarter missed Street estimates late Tuesday. Much of the shortfall appeared to be related to slower iPhone sales. Company officials said during Tuesday's conference call the fall-off was probably due to buyers waiting for a new iPhone model to hit the market.
Apple's woes were the biggest cause for a 48-point decline in the Nasdaq-100 Index ($NDX 0.00%) to 2,317 and more than offset share-price gains for Intel (INTC 0.00%) and Yahoo (YHOO 0.00%). Both reported better-than-expected third-quarter results on Tuesday.
The Dow Jones industrials ($INDU -0.63%) closed down 72 points, or 0.6%, to 11,505; the blue chips had been up 57 points at 1 p.m. ET. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index ($INX 0.00%) was down 16 points, or 1.3%, to 1,210. The Nasdaq Composite Index ($COMPX 0.00%) was off 53 points, or 2%, to 2,604.
Article continues below.The European concerns picked up after The Wall Street Journal reported that lawyers watching the talk about expanding a bailout fund to contain the problem say there are big legal impediments in the way of the idea. The biggest issue: The plan would violate the eurozone's no-bailout pledge.
The Journal's report came after stocks in Germany, France and Britain were largely higher.
There was a second report that the German Bundestag wants to approve any bailout plan.
Leaders of the eurozone nations will meet Sunday in Brussels, Belgium, to discuss the crisis. Traders and investors are hoping that a concrete agreement on a plan to resolve the crisis will be the result.
The Beige Book, the Fed's narrative look at the economy, not only cited slight or modest growth, but it also said many business contacts offered weak or uncertain business outlooks.
There was some strength in consumer spending; auto sales were a bright spot in the report. But real estate was weak, and the report cited little gains in hiring or wages.
A day ahead on Thursday
Thursday brings a very large list of key earnings reports from companies that include AT&T (T 0.00%), Capital One Financial (COF 0.00%), Eli Lilly (LLY 0.00%), Union Pacific (UNP 0.00%), Southwest Airlines (LUV 0.00%) and Microsoft (MSFT 0.00%), the publisher of MSN Money.
In addition, the Labor Department will report on weekly jobless claims. The National Association of Realtors will release its report on existing-home sales in September, and the Philadelphia Federal Reserve Bank will release its October manufacturing report.
Futures trading suggests a modestly higher open.
Earnings from American Express, Wynn and eBay don't impress
After the close, shares of American Express (AXP 0.00%) were down slightly to $45.80 after earnings of $1.03 a share, up from 90 cents a year ago, beat the consensus estimate of 96 cents. Revenue rose 9% to $7.57 billion. Loan-loss provisions fell from $373 million a year ago to $249 million.
Wynn Resorts (WYNN 0.00%) shares were down 5% to $123.80 as earnings of $1.05 after one-time charges missed the Street estimates of $1.18 a share. The profit was actually up 169% from a year ago. Revenue was up 33.3% to $1.02 billion, driven primarily by a 47% revenue gain from its operations in Macau. Las Vegas revenue was up 3.7% to $346.9 million.
Shares had fallen 5.4% to $130.27 in regular trading.
Meanwhile, eBay (EBAY 0.00%) shares were down 3.8% to $31.92 after falling 2% to $33.18 in regular trading. Third-quarter earnings and revenue beat Street estimates, but its guidance -- 58 cents a share in earnings and revenue of $3.2 billion to $3.35 billion -- was less than expected.
Commodities fall back
Crude oil (-CL) in New York was off $2.10 to $86.24 a barrel. Brent crude was down $2.53 to $108.62 a barrel. While Brent is currently how gasoline is priced, it was lower because of worries about how economies in Europe will fare in the coming months.
Energy shares were mixed. Exxon Mobil (XOM 0.00%) was off 0.6% to $78.43, while Chevron (CVX 0.00%) was up 0.7% to $102.24. Halliburton (HAL 0.00%) was off 4% to $33.88, while Schlumberger (SLB 0.00%) dropped 2.9% to $67.90.
Gold (-GC) settled down $5.80 to $1,647 an ounce in New York. Silver (-SI) was down 55.4 cents to $31.277 an ounce. Copper (-HG) was down 10.2 cents to $3.258 a pound.
Metals stocks were mostly lower. Gold producer Newmont Mining (NEM 0.00%) was down 4.9% to $62.32. Silver producer Coeur d'Alene Mines (CDE 0.00%) fell 5% to $21.71.
Freeport-McMoran Copper & Gold (FCX 0.00%) saw a small gain erased after third-quarter results were lower than expected. The shares finished down 2.8% to $34.38. Freeport earned $1.1 billion, or $1.10 a share, down from $1.2 billion, or $1.24 a share, a year ago. Revenue was little changed at $5.2 billion. The company warned that a strike at its giant Grasberg mine in Indonesia would cut output of copper and gold for the year.
Energy prices -- New York close | ||||||||||||
Wed. | Tues. | Month chg. | YTD chg. | |||||||||
Crude oil (-CL) | $86.11 | $88.34 | 8.72% | -5.77% | ||||||||
(per barrel) | ||||||||||||
Heating oil (-HO) | $2.9812 | $3.0277 | 7.26% | 17.20% | ||||||||
(per gallon) | ||||||||||||
Natural gas (-NG) | $3.5860 | $3.5530 | -2.18% | -18.59% | ||||||||
(per mil. BTU) | ||||||||||||
Unleaded gasoline (-RB) | $2.6715 | $2.7469 | 5.26% | 8.90% | ||||||||
(per gallon) | ||||||||||||
Brent crude | $108.39 | $111.15 | 5.48% | 14.40% | ||||||||
(per barrel) | ||||||||||||
Retail gasoline | $3.4740 | $3.4690 | 0.84% | 13.09% | ||||||||
(per gallon; AAA) |
Apple weighs on the market
Apple's earnings shortfall was a shock to the market, which has basically bought into the idea the company is infallible.
Much of the shortfall appeared to be related to slower-than-expected sales of iPhones. Apple sold 17.1 million iPhones, up 55% from a year ago; analysts had expected sales to hit 20 million units.
Company officials said during Tuesday's conference call -- the first since Steve Jobs' death -- that the fall-off was probably due to buyers waiting for a new iPhone model to hit the markets.
Apple earned $6.62 billion, or $7.05 a share. That's up from profit of $4.31 billion, or $4.64 a share, a year earlier. Analysts were expecting $7.28 a share.
There were also concerns that sales of iPad devices weren't as strong as expected. But CEO Tim Cook said that appeared to be a matter of supply and demand evening out. Apple sold 11.1 million iPads, up from 4.2 million a year ago.
For the record, Apple shares are up 25.6% this year. The S&P 500 is down 2.5%.
Travelers, Morgan Stanley see gains melt away
Travelers Companies (TRV 0.00%), the big insurance company, was the top performer of the 30 Dow stocks, up 5.7% to $54.39. While earnings fell short of Wall Street’s profit expectations because of Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee, the severe weather is providing a reason to allow for higher rates.
Meanwhile, investment bank Morgan Stanley (MS 0.00%) shares, up as much as 6.6% right after the open, closed up a penny to $16.64. The company reported third-quarter earnings of $3.6 billion, or $1.14 a share, helped by an accounting gain of $3.3 billion. Revenue rose 46% to $9.89 billion. The results topped Wall Street's expectations for earnings of 30 cents a share on revenue of $7.42 billion.
Like Morgan Stanley, Citigroup (C 0.00%) shares shot higher at the open and were up as much as 4.9%, but the shares pulled back, finishing down 1.6% to $29.39.
The company agreed to pay $285 million to settle civil fraud charges that it misled buyers of complex mortgage investments just as the housing market was starting to collapse. The Securities and Exchange Commission said today that Citigroup had bet against the deal in 2007 and made $160 million in fees and profits. Investors lost millions. Citigroup neither admitted nor denied the SEC's allegations.
Shares of Dow component United Technologies (UTX 0.00%) were down 1.2% to $73.26. The maker of helicopters, jet engines, building elevators and other products reported third-quarter earnings of $1.47 a share, topping expectations by 2 cents. Revenue rose 8.7% to $14.8 billion. The Street had been looking for revenue of $14.55 billion. The company also boosted its full-year earnings outlook to $5.47 a share from a prior range of $5.35 to $5.45 a share.
Shares were lower in part because CFO Greg Hayes suggested 2012 will be a tougher year than 2011.
Energy costs push consumer prices higher
Inflation pressure remained muted in September, the Bureau of Labor Statistics said. The Consumer Price Index rose 0.3% in September, meeting expectations, after growth of 0.4% in August.
The core rate, which excludes food and energy and is considered the most accurate gauge of inflation, inched 0.1% higher after rising 0.2% in August. Wall Street had expected core CPI to tick 0.2% higher.
Multifamily housing starts gain
Housing starts jumped 15% in September, the Commerce Department said. Starts hit an annual rate of 658,000, up from from 572,000.
Building permits slipped by 0.5% to 594,000 from 625,000 in August. Economists had only expected housing starts to rise to 595,000, from August’s previously reported level of 571,000. Building permits were expected to decline to 610,000, from 620,000 previously.
Two quick notes: First, most of the gains for starts came in multifamily housing, which rose 53% to an annualized 227,000 units. That's a reflection of the reluctance of many buyers to commit to a new home purchase when prices are falling. In fact, single-family starts in September were down 4.9% from a year ago.
Second: While the gain was welcome, starts are still 71% below their January 2006 peak of 2,273.
Short hits from the markets -- New York close | ||||||||||||
Wed. | Tues. | Month chg. | YTD chg. | |||||||||
Treasury yields | ||||||||||||
13-week Treasury bill | 0.0300% | 0.020% | 50.00% | -75.00% | ||||||||
5-year Treasury note | 1.041% | 1.037% | 7.88% | -48.36% | ||||||||
10-year Treasury note | 2.159% | 2.151% | 12.21% | -34.67% | ||||||||
30-year Treasury bond | 3.169% | 3.157% | 8.49% | -27.35% | ||||||||
Currencies | ||||||||||||
U.S. Dollar Index | 77.416 | 77.412 | -2.10% | -2.36% | ||||||||
British pound | 1.5773 | 1.5708 | 1.25% | 1.07% | ||||||||
(in U.S. $) | ||||||||||||
U.S. $ in pounds | £0.634 | £0.637 | -1.23% | -1.06% | ||||||||
Euro in dollars | $1.38 | $1.37 | 3.05% | 2.78% | ||||||||
(in U.S. $) | ||||||||||||
U.S. $ in euros | € 0.727 | € 0.728 | -2.96% | -2.70% | ||||||||
U.S. $ in yen | 76.92 | 76.79 | -0.27% | -5.46% | ||||||||
U.S. $ in Chinese | 6.40 | 6.38 | 0.35% | -3.24% | ||||||||
yuan | ||||||||||||
Canada dollar | $0.980 | $0.986 | 2.64% | -2.32% | ||||||||
(in U.S. $) | ||||||||||||
U.S. dollar | $1.021 | $1.015 | -2.50% | 2.38% | ||||||||
(in Canadian $) | ||||||||||||
Commodities | ||||||||||||
Gold (-GC) | $1,647.00 | $1,652.80 | 1.52% | 15.87% | ||||||||
(per troy ounce) | ||||||||||||
Copper (-HG) | $3.258 | $3.360 | 3.36% | -26.74% | ||||||||
(per pound) | ||||||||||||
Silver (-SI) | $31.2770 | $31.8310 | 3.97% | 1.10% | ||||||||
(per troy ounce) | ||||||||||||
Wheat (-ZW) | $6.1950 | $6.2525 | 1.68% | -22.00% | ||||||||
(per bushel) | ||||||||||||
Corn (-ZC) | $6.3850 | $6.44 | 7.76% | 2.57% | ||||||||
(per bushel) | ||||||||||||
Cotton | $0.9972 | 1.0018 | -0.47% | -31.14% | ||||||||
(per pound) | ||||||||||||
Coffee | $2.3910 | 2.3465 | 4.46% | -0.58% | ||||||||
(per pound) | ||||||||||||
Crude oil (-CL) | $86.11 | $88.34 | 8.72% | -5.77% | ||||||||
(per barrel) |
83Comments
3 hours ago
7 hours ago
ACTIVE RIA
WHAT DOES THAT STAND FOR, RETARD IN ACTION??
AFTER RANDALL YOU ARE THE SECOND BIGGEST LOSER ON HERE. KEEP TRYING AND SOON YOU WILL PASS HIM. IT'S BAD ENOUGH THAT YOU ARE ON THIS SITE BUT I HAVE COME ACROSS YOU ON OTHER SITES . IS THIS WHAT YOU DO ALL DAY, SIT ON YOUR COMPUTER IN YOUR PARENTS BASEMENT AND COMMENT ON EVERYTHING. YOU ARE A TOTAL ZERO.
WHAT DOES THAT STAND FOR, RETARD IN ACTION??
AFTER RANDALL YOU ARE THE SECOND BIGGEST LOSER ON HERE. KEEP TRYING AND SOON YOU WILL PASS HIM. IT'S BAD ENOUGH THAT YOU ARE ON THIS SITE BUT I HAVE COME ACROSS YOU ON OTHER SITES . IS THIS WHAT YOU DO ALL DAY, SIT ON YOUR COMPUTER IN YOUR PARENTS BASEMENT AND COMMENT ON EVERYTHING. YOU ARE A TOTAL ZERO.
7 hours ago
Memorable quotes for
Rounders (1998) More at IMDbPro »
Mike McDermott: Are you satisfied now, Teddy? Because I can keep busting you up all night if you like.
Share this quote
Rounders (1998) More at IMDbPro »
Mike McDermott: Are you satisfied now, Teddy? Because I can keep busting you up all night if you like.
Share this quote
7 hours ago
7 hours ago
love the skunk (continued)
The photochemical reaction that skunks beer occurs very quickly; a well-hopped beer in clear glass can become noticeably offensive with just 30 seconds of exposure to sunshine. Brown glass transmits less visible light than the previously mentioned colors, and therefore offers some protection from skunking. It does allow some light through, so beer in brown bottles will skunk after a few hours of light exposure.
Since light is an essential ingredient in the skunking process, beers packaged in kegs, cans, and opaque bottles cannot be skunked. Beers with very little hops, like all of the insipid mass-market American lagers, cannot become as skunky as overtly hoppy styles like pale ales, simply because there is less iso-alpha-acid available.
There is a way to skunk-proof beer, and it is used by the Miller Brewing Company. Instead of using hop flowers to bitter their beers, they use a special hop extract called tetra-hop. The isomerized alpha-acids in this product have a slightly different molecular structure than naturally isomerized alpha-acids, and are immune to the effects of light. This extract has the added benefit of greatly increasing the foam retention of a beer.
Tetra-hop extract is only used for bittering; it has no aroma. If one brews with any hop constituent other than tetra-hop, the beer will no longer be light-proof, so any beer with hop aroma is subject to skunking. Hop aroma is not desired by Miller’s marketing department, but clear glass bottles are, so tetra-hop works nicely for them.
The marketers that sell Corona figured out a different way to skunk-proof their product: they advise shoving a lime wedge or three (LIME LIME LIME) into the bottle, and consuming the beverage directly from the package. The strong aroma of the citrus fruit serves to mask the inevitable skunkiness, while the narrow mouth of the bottle prevents the drinker from actually smelling the liquid.
It is easy to skunk a beer for educational purposes, but almost impossible to find beer packaged in green, blue or clear glass that is not already skunked. Homebrewers can simply put some of their beer into clear bottles, expose one to sunlight light for a few hours while keeping the other in the dark, and then comparing their aromas.
Non-brewers can try this: get two clear drinking glasses. Pour some hoppy, fresh, beer with no skunk aroma into each glass, leaving adequate room to get your nose into the glass later. Cover each glass with clear plastic wrap, to preserve the volatile aromatics. Put one on a sunny windowsill and keep the other in a dark location of similar temperature. Sniff the two beers every ten minutes until you are tired of the torture.
It is quite unfortunate that many beers worth drinking, including many German imports, are packaged in green glass at the whim of marketers. Most of these beers are packaged in brown glass in their homelands, because the marketers believe their domestic customers are erudite enough to reject skunked beer. Hopefully, they will soon learn that many American beer drinkers also recognize skunk aroma as a flaw.
The photochemical reaction that skunks beer occurs very quickly; a well-hopped beer in clear glass can become noticeably offensive with just 30 seconds of exposure to sunshine. Brown glass transmits less visible light than the previously mentioned colors, and therefore offers some protection from skunking. It does allow some light through, so beer in brown bottles will skunk after a few hours of light exposure.
Since light is an essential ingredient in the skunking process, beers packaged in kegs, cans, and opaque bottles cannot be skunked. Beers with very little hops, like all of the insipid mass-market American lagers, cannot become as skunky as overtly hoppy styles like pale ales, simply because there is less iso-alpha-acid available.
There is a way to skunk-proof beer, and it is used by the Miller Brewing Company. Instead of using hop flowers to bitter their beers, they use a special hop extract called tetra-hop. The isomerized alpha-acids in this product have a slightly different molecular structure than naturally isomerized alpha-acids, and are immune to the effects of light. This extract has the added benefit of greatly increasing the foam retention of a beer.
Tetra-hop extract is only used for bittering; it has no aroma. If one brews with any hop constituent other than tetra-hop, the beer will no longer be light-proof, so any beer with hop aroma is subject to skunking. Hop aroma is not desired by Miller’s marketing department, but clear glass bottles are, so tetra-hop works nicely for them.
The marketers that sell Corona figured out a different way to skunk-proof their product: they advise shoving a lime wedge or three (LIME LIME LIME) into the bottle, and consuming the beverage directly from the package. The strong aroma of the citrus fruit serves to mask the inevitable skunkiness, while the narrow mouth of the bottle prevents the drinker from actually smelling the liquid.
It is easy to skunk a beer for educational purposes, but almost impossible to find beer packaged in green, blue or clear glass that is not already skunked. Homebrewers can simply put some of their beer into clear bottles, expose one to sunlight light for a few hours while keeping the other in the dark, and then comparing their aromas.
Non-brewers can try this: get two clear drinking glasses. Pour some hoppy, fresh, beer with no skunk aroma into each glass, leaving adequate room to get your nose into the glass later. Cover each glass with clear plastic wrap, to preserve the volatile aromatics. Put one on a sunny windowsill and keep the other in a dark location of similar temperature. Sniff the two beers every ten minutes until you are tired of the torture.
It is quite unfortunate that many beers worth drinking, including many German imports, are packaged in green glass at the whim of marketers. Most of these beers are packaged in brown glass in their homelands, because the marketers believe their domestic customers are erudite enough to reject skunked beer. Hopefully, they will soon learn that many American beer drinkers also recognize skunk aroma as a flaw.
7 hours ago
don't get me started .. learn to LOVE the SKUNK!!!
Skunking is a very common beer flaw. So common, in fact, that some Americans think that European beers are supposed to exhibit skunk aroma. This misconception is reinforced by the European beer marketers who believe American drinkers expect that “special” aroma, and force their company’s brewers to produce skunk-prone product.
The saddest thing about skunking is that it is easily prevented. Once you understand the cause of this flaw, you’ll see how:
Almost all of the world’s commercial beers contain hops. In fact, American and German beers are required by law to contain at least a small amount of hops. Hops give the beer bitterness, and can also be used to impart a spicy, fruity sort of aroma best described as “hoppy.” (Obviously, I’ll never be writing a dictionary.)
The hop compounds that are responsible for making beer bitter are called isomerized alpha-acids. These chemicals, along with sulfur compounds found in beer, are also culpable in beer skunking. When light hits beer, it provides the energy necessary to drive a reaction that transforms the iso-alpha-acids into 3-methyl-2-butene-1-thiol. The “thiol” part of that somewhat cumbersome name indicates that there is sulfur present. Sulfur compounds often have strong, offensive aromas. Some musteline animals, like skunks, have evolved the ability to produce this chemical, and use it for self-defense.
In a sense, the aroma of light-struck beer doesn’t just resemble skunk spray, it is skunk spray! It’s the same stuff!
This photochemical reaction is the only cause of skunked beer. Warm storage, while damaging to the flavor of beer, does not skunk it. Cycling the temperature of beer from warm to cold and back again is also not implicated. Storing beer in the dark is the simple way to prevent skunking.
Blue light, and to a lesser extent green and a bit of near ultraviolet are the most damaging to beer. Most wavelenghts of ultraviolet light are not a concern because glass blocks them quite effectively (that’s why you don’t get sunburned in your car). The color of glass is the color of the light that it transmits, so green bottles allow the green light though. Similarly, blue light passes unhindered through pretty, cobalt-blue bottles. Clear bottles transmit all of the visible light. That is the reason beer in green, blue, and clear bottles is almost always skunked. Yes, even some very expensive imports.
Skunking is a very common beer flaw. So common, in fact, that some Americans think that European beers are supposed to exhibit skunk aroma. This misconception is reinforced by the European beer marketers who believe American drinkers expect that “special” aroma, and force their company’s brewers to produce skunk-prone product.
The saddest thing about skunking is that it is easily prevented. Once you understand the cause of this flaw, you’ll see how:
Almost all of the world’s commercial beers contain hops. In fact, American and German beers are required by law to contain at least a small amount of hops. Hops give the beer bitterness, and can also be used to impart a spicy, fruity sort of aroma best described as “hoppy.” (Obviously, I’ll never be writing a dictionary.)
The hop compounds that are responsible for making beer bitter are called isomerized alpha-acids. These chemicals, along with sulfur compounds found in beer, are also culpable in beer skunking. When light hits beer, it provides the energy necessary to drive a reaction that transforms the iso-alpha-acids into 3-methyl-2-butene-1-thiol. The “thiol” part of that somewhat cumbersome name indicates that there is sulfur present. Sulfur compounds often have strong, offensive aromas. Some musteline animals, like skunks, have evolved the ability to produce this chemical, and use it for self-defense.
In a sense, the aroma of light-struck beer doesn’t just resemble skunk spray, it is skunk spray! It’s the same stuff!
This photochemical reaction is the only cause of skunked beer. Warm storage, while damaging to the flavor of beer, does not skunk it. Cycling the temperature of beer from warm to cold and back again is also not implicated. Storing beer in the dark is the simple way to prevent skunking.
Blue light, and to a lesser extent green and a bit of near ultraviolet are the most damaging to beer. Most wavelenghts of ultraviolet light are not a concern because glass blocks them quite effectively (that’s why you don’t get sunburned in your car). The color of glass is the color of the light that it transmits, so green bottles allow the green light though. Similarly, blue light passes unhindered through pretty, cobalt-blue bottles. Clear bottles transmit all of the visible light. That is the reason beer in green, blue, and clear bottles is almost always skunked. Yes, even some very expensive imports.
8 hours ago
when the student is ready .... the teacher will appear .... as every beach area bartender knows, never serve a skunk-prone beer unless the patron likes lime or you risk having to pay for the "undrinkable" brew out of your wages ... of course, if the patron is already "well lubricated" then one may serve away without concern ....
de nada amigo, de nada
de nada amigo, de nada
8 hours ago
and now you know:
Corona is the #1 selling beer in Mexico, the #1 selling Mexican beer in the world and the #4 selling beer in the world. Corona is considered a pale lager that is made with water, barley, hops and yeast and is served in a clear bottle. I have served thousands of Coronas during my bartending career so far and have always wandered why Corona is always garnished with a lime wedge in the neck of the bottle. (NOT LEMON)
During my research to answer this question, I couldn’t find one particular source that could give me one particular answer. Instead, I found a bunch of theories as to why Corona is always served with a lime.
Theory #1:
Whenever beer is exposed to sunlight or heat, it develops a skunky taste. This is why most beers on the market are served in dark bottles. Corona is served in a clear bottle. Therefore, the purpose for the lime to be served with the Corona is to mask that skunky taste.
Theory #2:
Serving a lime with a bottle of Corona was originally intended for sanitary purposes. The lime was used to disinfect the rim of the bottle.
Theory #3:
A bartender in Mexico started the trend of serving Corona with a lime because it was the presence of citrus fruit (lime or lemon) that would keep flies away from entering the bottle so that fly spray wouldn’t have to be used. The use of fly spray was blamed for altering the taste of the beer. According to this theory, the lime was just supposed to stay in the neck of the bottle. It was actually tourists whom started pushing the lime into the bottle. Apparently, people of Mexico enjoy their Corona minus the lime.
Theory #4:
The lime in the Corona bottle was a marketing gimmick that stuck with the gringos. That’s why you see limes in all of the Corona bottles in advertisements.
Theory #5:
Limes are a cheap commodity in Mexico therefore they are added to most drinks and not just bottles of Corona.
After much frustration of not getting my question answered clearly in my research, I decided to contact Corona myself. I asked Corona why it is that bottles of Corona are always garnished with a lime, what purpose does the lime serve and how did the lime tradition come to be. Unfortunately, I have yet to receive a response from Corona
Continue reading on Examiner.com Busting bar myths: Why Corona is garnished with a lime - National bartender | Examiner.com http://www.examiner.com/bartender-in-national/busting-bar-myths-why-corona-is-garnished-with-a-lime#ixzz1bILXA5OW
During my research to answer this question, I couldn’t find one particular source that could give me one particular answer. Instead, I found a bunch of theories as to why Corona is always served with a lime.
Theory #1:
Whenever beer is exposed to sunlight or heat, it develops a skunky taste. This is why most beers on the market are served in dark bottles. Corona is served in a clear bottle. Therefore, the purpose for the lime to be served with the Corona is to mask that skunky taste.
Theory #2:
Serving a lime with a bottle of Corona was originally intended for sanitary purposes. The lime was used to disinfect the rim of the bottle.
Theory #3:
A bartender in Mexico started the trend of serving Corona with a lime because it was the presence of citrus fruit (lime or lemon) that would keep flies away from entering the bottle so that fly spray wouldn’t have to be used. The use of fly spray was blamed for altering the taste of the beer. According to this theory, the lime was just supposed to stay in the neck of the bottle. It was actually tourists whom started pushing the lime into the bottle. Apparently, people of Mexico enjoy their Corona minus the lime.
Theory #4:
The lime in the Corona bottle was a marketing gimmick that stuck with the gringos. That’s why you see limes in all of the Corona bottles in advertisements.
Theory #5:
Limes are a cheap commodity in Mexico therefore they are added to most drinks and not just bottles of Corona.
After much frustration of not getting my question answered clearly in my research, I decided to contact Corona myself. I asked Corona why it is that bottles of Corona are always garnished with a lime, what purpose does the lime serve and how did the lime tradition come to be. Unfortunately, I have yet to receive a response from Corona
Continue reading on Examiner.com Busting bar myths: Why Corona is garnished with a lime - National bartender | Examiner.com http://www.examiner.com/bartender-in-national/busting-bar-myths-why-corona-is-garnished-with-a-lime#ixzz1bILXA5OW
8 hours ago
despite your predilection towards personal tastes, there does exist a widespread way to serve mexican beer, and NEVER does that method involve lemon.
Mexican beer and lime:
There is some debate as to whether it is authentically Mexican to drink beer with lime. It is common to serve light Mexican beers in North America and Europe with a wedge of lime on the bottle and/or squeezed down the neck. The practice is less common in Mexico, outside the tourist areas. Stories as to how this tradition came to pass are also debatable. Some state that a wedge of lime was put on bottled beer like Corona to disinfect the rim or to keep flies from landing on it. Another story states that when Corona was first introduced to the U.S., sales were poor and a lime was added in the marketing, which helped sales.[38]
However, beer is commonly drunk with lime juice in Mexico. A beer cocktail called a michelada consists of light beer with lots of lime juice and salt, and can include chili powder, Worcestershire sauce, soy sauce or tomato juice. As with a margarita, the salt is generally placed on the rim of glass. Another, less common version of the drink adds Clamato (clam/tomato juice). The name michelada comes from the phrase mi chela helada (my beer, ice cold). In many places also are found variants which include shrimp or seafood, pineapple and so on.[5][16][38][39]
Mexican beer and lime:
There is some debate as to whether it is authentically Mexican to drink beer with lime. It is common to serve light Mexican beers in North America and Europe with a wedge of lime on the bottle and/or squeezed down the neck. The practice is less common in Mexico, outside the tourist areas. Stories as to how this tradition came to pass are also debatable. Some state that a wedge of lime was put on bottled beer like Corona to disinfect the rim or to keep flies from landing on it. Another story states that when Corona was first introduced to the U.S., sales were poor and a lime was added in the marketing, which helped sales.[38]
However, beer is commonly drunk with lime juice in Mexico. A beer cocktail called a michelada consists of light beer with lots of lime juice and salt, and can include chili powder, Worcestershire sauce, soy sauce or tomato juice. As with a margarita, the salt is generally placed on the rim of glass. Another, less common version of the drink adds Clamato (clam/tomato juice). The name michelada comes from the phrase mi chela helada (my beer, ice cold). In many places also are found variants which include shrimp or seafood, pineapple and so on.[5][16][38][39]
8 hours ago
you are a great poster here tog, but were (and are) a sub-par bartender constrained by your personal likes/dislikes.
the facts about :
One of the best known and most popular beer in the United States is Corona, which is the flagship beer of Grupo Modelo. Corona is the best-selling beer produced by Mexico,[17] and the best selling nondomestic beer in both the U.S. and U.K.[5] It is one of the five most-consumed beers in the world, available in more than 150 countries.[3] It is a lager, and was created in 1925 to celebrate CervecerÃa Modelo's tenth anniversary.[17] Corona is light straw in color and has a very mild flavor, with little hop bitterness and 4.6% alcohol by volume.[17] It is produced by eight facilities with a total of 4.6 billion liters per year capacity.[3] Corona beer is available in a variety of bottled presentations, ranging from the 250-ml ampolleta (labeled Coronita and just referred as the cuartito (little quarter)) up to the 940-ml Corona Familiar (known as the caguama (sea turtle) or ballena (whale)). Unlike most beers, Corona is bottled in a clear bottle, increasing the opportunity for spoilage from sunlight, which can affect the hop oils in the beer. A draught version also exists, as does canned Corona in some markets.[17]
the facts about :
One of the best known and most popular beer in the United States is Corona, which is the flagship beer of Grupo Modelo. Corona is the best-selling beer produced by Mexico,[17] and the best selling nondomestic beer in both the U.S. and U.K.[5] It is one of the five most-consumed beers in the world, available in more than 150 countries.[3] It is a lager, and was created in 1925 to celebrate CervecerÃa Modelo's tenth anniversary.[17] Corona is light straw in color and has a very mild flavor, with little hop bitterness and 4.6% alcohol by volume.[17] It is produced by eight facilities with a total of 4.6 billion liters per year capacity.[3] Corona beer is available in a variety of bottled presentations, ranging from the 250-ml ampolleta (labeled Coronita and just referred as the cuartito (little quarter)) up to the 940-ml Corona Familiar (known as the caguama (sea turtle) or ballena (whale)). Unlike most beers, Corona is bottled in a clear bottle, increasing the opportunity for spoilage from sunlight, which can affect the hop oils in the beer. A draught version also exists, as does canned Corona in some markets.[17]
8 hours ago
Kay....NO.You shouldn't get married, because over 50% end in divorce...Tuff on kids...
Active an hour ago it tasted like $h!t....Still does.
Anytime you have to add LIME or Tomatoe Juice to beer to drink it...It might be bad??
Some people use or like lemon?, Personal choice.
I have tenderd(sp) bars on occassion and managed a Vets Club bar.
Only 1 out of 40 people drank a Corona,most could not stand them.
Reminds me of Tequila drinkers, lemon,salt and a shot or shooter.
If you really like Cactus juice,Man-Up and drink it from the bottle with a little salt.
The latest Fad or Club thing is NOT ME, even if it's free. I like Whiskey,straight,coke or water.
The better the booze, the less the mix or on ICE or NEAT. And I still drink a beer with Friends.
You know what?? You really should make f88kin Ads for Corona.....Heh,heh...
Active an hour ago it tasted like $h!t....Still does.
Anytime you have to add LIME or Tomatoe Juice to beer to drink it...It might be bad??
Some people use or like lemon?, Personal choice.
I have tenderd(sp) bars on occassion and managed a Vets Club bar.
Only 1 out of 40 people drank a Corona,most could not stand them.
Reminds me of Tequila drinkers, lemon,salt and a shot or shooter.
If you really like Cactus juice,Man-Up and drink it from the bottle with a little salt.
The latest Fad or Club thing is NOT ME, even if it's free. I like Whiskey,straight,coke or water.
The better the booze, the less the mix or on ICE or NEAT. And I still drink a beer with Friends.
You know what?? You really should make f88kin Ads for Corona.....Heh,heh...
9 hours ago
"Sorry, that stuff tasted like $hit 45 years ago...Still does !!"
you are in the vast minority on that one togster. it has been scientifically proven that although corona is (in unscientific terms) a naturally "skunky tasting" beer, the addition of lime juice (NOT LEMON) L-I-M-E causes additional fermentation and activates the true flavenoids in the amber-colored nectar turning an almost impassable quaff into the beach-version of nectar of the gods.
all bottles should be ice-chilled. fresh lime sections should be squeezed into the bottle first, and inserted into the bottle ONLY after squeezing. the experience is enhanced by practice which makes perfect.
open your mind and your palate and the world is your corona.
you are in the vast minority on that one togster. it has been scientifically proven that although corona is (in unscientific terms) a naturally "skunky tasting" beer, the addition of lime juice (NOT LEMON) L-I-M-E causes additional fermentation and activates the true flavenoids in the amber-colored nectar turning an almost impassable quaff into the beach-version of nectar of the gods.
all bottles should be ice-chilled. fresh lime sections should be squeezed into the bottle first, and inserted into the bottle ONLY after squeezing. the experience is enhanced by practice which makes perfect.
open your mind and your palate and the world is your corona.
9 hours ago
ok shock .. i looked it up at "fact check" and the following facts prove you wrong. try again.
Federal Reserve Board: As the nation’s central bank, the Federal Reserve derives its authority from the U.S. Congress. It is considered an independent central bank because its decisions do not have to be ratified by the President or anyone else in the executive or legislative branch of government, it does not receive funding appropriated by Congress, and the terms of the members of the Board of Governors span multiple presidential and congressional terms. However, the Federal Reserve is subject to oversight by Congress, which periodically reviews its activities and can alter its responsibilities by statute. Also, the Federal Reserve must work within the framework of the overall objectives of economic and financial policy established by the government. Therefore, the Federal Reserve can be more accurately described as "independent within the government."
The twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks, which were established by Congress as the operating arms of the nation’s central banking system, are organized much like private corporations–possibly leading to some confusion about "ownership." For example, the Reserve Banks issue shares of stock to member banks. However, owning Reserve Bank stock is quite different from owning stock in a private company. The Reserve Banks are not operated for profit, and ownership of a certain amount of stock is, by law, a condition of membership in the System. The stock may not be sold, traded, or pledged as security for a loan; dividends are, by law, 6 percent per year.
10 hours ago
10 hours ago
ok, valid questions kay, but if turn off the murdoch/fox news and watch some hardball and read some associated press you would already know the answers.
"Active- Huh? Your post makes no sense? Unemployment is the total fault of Republicans? When is BO not held accountable?"
try to do some reading comprehension. my post said nothing about who "caused" unemployment but that the republicans and TP, for purely political and extreme ideological purposes, will continue to put politics (re-election) ahead of America and do nothing to create jobs. you want to see their plan? well here it is: www.whenarethejobs.com
"When is no such a bad word? No, you shouldn't drink and drive. No, you shouldn't do drugs."
no, you love conservative, extreme ideology at the exclusion of even entertaining a more rational thought process.
for those who understand, no explanation is necessary. for those who seek never to understand, no explanation is possible.
we are through talking to you people and will take whatever action and votes necessary to put you back on the sidelines where you can go to rallies and wave pro-life, anti-gay, anti-poor signs to your hearts content, watch fox all day and night, but be watched carefully and not be empowered politically ever again!
have a nice evening. sleep tight. go hug an "occupier" tomorrow.
<><
"Active- Huh? Your post makes no sense? Unemployment is the total fault of Republicans? When is BO not held accountable?"
try to do some reading comprehension. my post said nothing about who "caused" unemployment but that the republicans and TP, for purely political and extreme ideological purposes, will continue to put politics (re-election) ahead of America and do nothing to create jobs. you want to see their plan? well here it is: www.whenarethejobs.com
BO IS accountable. he has learned. he has a solid American Jobs Act but the extremists will not pass it, or any portion of it, because that would actually help the economy and they would have to break their blood-oaths with grover norquist and risk losing re-election and their spot on the gravy train of lobbyist payola from the wealthy who don't want to pay their fair share of the taxes.
"When is no such a bad word? No, you shouldn't drink and drive. No, you shouldn't do drugs."
do you have any children? well then Kay that is a silly question. you know when no is a bad word: when it is used because you personally are tired and angry and want to impose your will on those who are weaker and smaller than you!!! No, you shouldn't have a job. No, you shouldn't be able to feed your family. No, you shouldn't have a home to live in. Why? so we we can continue to make vast sums of money by not paying taxes, ruining the environment and exploiting workers everywhere, that's why.
"Republican's block the economy from growing until after 2012? Huh? Are you predicting that BO won't be reelected?"
i hope not. i would prefer a more solid, moderately conservative, faith-based republican. give us romney without adding on some screwball VP running mate and we will likely elect him. cain? toady for the wealthy koch brothers with an insane tax idea. bachmann? delusional at best and should never have access to a pair of scissors much less nuclear bomb capability.
they have formed a caucus to put extremism first and America second.
"I love liberal thinking-NOT."
for those who understand, no explanation is necessary. for those who seek never to understand, no explanation is possible.
we are through talking to you people and will take whatever action and votes necessary to put you back on the sidelines where you can go to rallies and wave pro-life, anti-gay, anti-poor signs to your hearts content, watch fox all day and night, but be watched carefully and not be empowered politically ever again!
have a nice evening. sleep tight. go hug an "occupier" tomorrow.
<><
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